PHENYTOIN INJ 250/5ML

Phenytoin Injection 250mg/5ml is a fast-acting anticonvulsant medication used to control and prevent seizures, especially in emergency situations. It is also used to manage certain types of nerve-related pain. Administered through injection, this medication works quickly to stabilize brain activity and prevent abnormal electrical signals that lead to seizures. It is typically used in hospitals or emergency settings under medical supervision.

What is Phenytoin Injection 250mg/5ml Used For?

Phenytoin injection is mainly used for:

Controlling seizures in emergency cases such as status epilepticus, where seizures last too long or happen close together without recovery in between
Preventing seizures during or after brain surgery
Managing certain types of nerve pain in specific conditions
It is not usually the first choice for long-term seizure control, but is vital when fast results are needed.

Ingredients of Phenytoin Injection

The main active ingredient in this injection is phenytoin sodium. Each 5ml of solution contains 250mg of phenytoin. The injection also includes other components like propylene glycol and alcohol, which help dissolve the active ingredient, and sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH level.

How Does Phenytoin Injection Work?

It works by slowing down the electrical activity in the brain that causes seizures. Nerve cells communicate using electrical signals, and in people with epilepsy, these signals can become overactive. Phenytoin blocks certain channels in the brain called sodium channels, which helps to calm the brain and stop the spread of abnormal signals that lead to seizures.

Dosage and Administration

Phenytoin injection is not taken by mouth. It is administered directly into a vein (IV) or sometimes into a muscle (IM) by a doctor or trained healthcare provider. The dosage depends on your weight, age, medical condition, and how severe your seizures are.

Loading Dose: In emergencies, a high initial dose is given to quickly reach the required level in the blood.
Maintenance Dose: After the loading dose, smaller doses may be given to keep the drug at a stable level in the body.
Doctors often monitor blood levels of phenytoin to ensure the dose is effective but not toxic.

How Quickly Does It Work?

Phenytoin injection starts working within minutes when given through a vein. It is specially designed for rapid effect, which is why it’s used in life-threatening conditions like continuous seizures. You may start to see improvement in seizure activity very quickly after receiving the injection.

Possible Side Effects

While Phenytoin Injection is effective, it can also cause some side effects. Some are mild and go away on their own, while others may need medical attention.

Common Side Effects:

Drowsiness or dizziness
Nausea or vomiting
Skin rash
Low blood pressure
Abnormal eye movements

Serious Side Effects

Difficulty breathing
Swelling of the face or throat (signs of an allergic reaction)
Liver problems (yellowing of the skin or eyes)
Irregular heartbeat
Confusion or unusual thoughts

Phenytoin should be used carefully in people with liver disease, low blood pressure, or heart rhythm problems.

Can I use Phenytoin Injection at home?

No. Phenytoin Injection is meant for hospital or emergency use only. It must be administered by a healthcare professional to avoid serious side effects and ensure safety.

Can Phenytoin be used during pregnancy?

It can be used in emergencies if the benefit outweighs the risk, but phenytoin may cause harm to the baby. Always inform your doctor if you are pregnant or planning to be.

Is it safe for children?

Yes, but the dose will be adjusted based on the child’s weight and condition. It should only be given under medical supervision.

How is Phenytoin different from other seizure medications?

Phenytoin works quickly and is ideal for emergency situations. Other medications might take longer to act or are used for long-term daily control of seizures.

Can it be mixed with other medications?

Phenytoin can interact with many drugs, including blood thinners, antibiotics, and other seizure medications. That’s why doctors monitor patients closely when this injection is used.