ACETYLCYSTEINE 400MG/ML INJ.

What is Acetylcysteine 400mg/ml Injection?

Acetylcysteine 400mg/ml Injection is a solution specifically formulated for intravenous (IV) administration. It contains acetylcysteine as its active ingredient, which is instrumental in treating acetaminophen toxicity and promoting respiratory health in patients with certain lung conditions. Known for its ability to break down mucus and combat free radicals, acetylcysteine works by replenishing glutathione—a powerful antioxidant in the liver—allowing it to counteract toxins effectively.

ACETYLCYSTEINE 400MG/ML INJ Ingredients

It contains 20% (200 mg/mL) acetylcysteine and 0.05% (0.5 mg/mL) disodium EDTA in water for injection with sodium hydroxide used to adjust pH (6.0-7.5).

Uses of Acetylcysteine 400mg/ml Injection

Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) Overdose: Acetylcysteine is the primary antidote for acetaminophen overdose, a potentially life-threatening condition. Administered intravenously, it neutralizes harmful byproducts produced by acetaminophen metabolism, thereby preventing liver damage.
Respiratory Conditions: As a mucolytic agent, acetylcysteine helps in managing chronic respiratory conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis, and bronchitis by breaking down thick mucus, making it easier for patients to breathe.
Support in Liver Detoxification: By replenishing glutathione, acetylcysteine supports the liver’s natural detoxification processes, helping the body process and eliminate toxins more effectively.
Off-Label Uses: While less common, acetylcysteine may also be used as an antioxidant in various medical treatments due to its ability to counteract oxidative stress.

How Acetylcysteine Works in the Body

Once administered, acetylcysteine is rapidly absorbed and transported to the liver, where it replenishes glutathione—a vital antioxidant. Glutathione protects cells from damage caused by toxins, particularly in cases of acetaminophen overdose. In respiratory applications, acetylcysteine acts on mucus secretions, breaking down the disulfide bonds in mucus and thereby reducing its viscosity, making it easier for the lungs to expel the mucus.

Acetylcysteine 400mg/ml Injection Dosage and Administration

The specific dosage of Acetylcysteine 400mg/ml Injection depends on the condition being treated and patient factors, including age, weight, and overall health. It’s critical for healthcare providers to determine the exact dose and infusion rate, as these may vary.

For Acetaminophen Overdose:

Initial Loading Dose: Administer 150 mg/kg over 1 hour.

Follow-Up Doses: Give 50 mg/kg over the next 4 hours, then 100 mg/kg over the following 16 hours.
For Respiratory Mucus Clearance:

Dosages are usually lower and are tailored to individual needs as prescribed by a healthcare provider.

Potential Side Effects of Acetylcysteine Injection

Nausea
Vomiting
Flushing
mild rash.
Anaphylactic shock
Respiratory distress
Hypotension
bronchospasm.
Injection Site Reactions

How quickly does Acetylcysteine work?

The onset of action depends on the administration method and the purpose of use. In cases of acetaminophen overdose, therapeutic effects can be observed within hours of administration, especially when given within 8 hours of ingestion. For respiratory conditions, improvement may be gradual, occurring over days or weeks of treatment.

Can Acetylcysteine 400mg/ml Injection be self-administered?

No, Acetylcysteine 400mg/ml Injection is intended for intravenous administration under medical supervision. It should only be administered by a healthcare provider in a clinical setting to ensure appropriate dosing and monitoring.

Is Acetylcysteine safe for children?

Yes, acetylcysteine can be safely administered to children when prescribed by a healthcare provider. Pediatric doses are carefully calculated based on the child’s weight and medical condition.

Can pregnant or breastfeeding women use Acetylcysteine 400mg/ml Injection?

Acetylcysteine is generally considered safe in pregnancy, especially when used to treat acetaminophen overdose, as the benefits typically outweigh potential risks. However, pregnant or breastfeeding women should only use it under strict medical supervision.

Can Acetylcysteine be used for any conditions other than acetaminophen overdose and respiratory issues?

Yes, acetylcysteine has antioxidant properties that make it useful in certain off-label treatments related to oxidative stress. However, these uses should only be considered under a physician’s guidance.