Introduction
Crystalline Penicillin G Injection, also known as Benzylpenicillin Sodium Injection, is a powerful antibiotic medication used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. It belongs to the beta-lactam class of antibiotics, which are highly effective against many gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria.
This injection form of Penicillin G is designed for intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM) use, allowing rapid delivery of the antibiotic into the bloodstream. It’s widely used in hospitals and clinical settings for severe infections that cannot be treated with oral antibiotics.
Uses of Crystalline Penicillin G Injection
Crystalline Penicillin G is used to treat numerous serious bacterial infections, including:
- Bacterial meningitis
- Pneumonia and lung infections
- Septicemia (blood infections)
- Endocarditis (infection of heart valves)
- Syphilis and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
- Diphtheria and anthrax
- Tetanus
- Clostridial infections
- Skin and soft tissue infections
Doctors may also prescribe Crystalline Penicillin G for prophylaxis (prevention) in certain conditions, such as rheumatic fever or during surgical procedures where infection risk is high.
Ingredients of Crystalline Penicillin G
Each vial or ampoule typically contains:
Active Ingredient: Benzylpenicillin sodium (equivalent to Penicillin G)
How Crystalline Penicillin G Works
Crystalline Penicillin G works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, a process vital for bacterial survival. It binds to specific enzymes called penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) inside the bacterial cell wall, preventing the formation of cross-links that give the cell wall its strength and rigidity. Without a proper cell wall, the bacteria become weak and eventually rupture and die. Because of this mechanism, Penicillin G is bactericidal, meaning it kills bacteria directly rather than merely stopping their growth.
Dosage and Administration
The dosage of Crystalline Penicillin G depends on the type, severity, and location of the infection, as well as the patient’s age, weight, and kidney function.
Typical Dosage Guidelines:
Adults: 1 to 4 million units every 4 to 6 hours intravenously, depending on the infection.
Children: Doses are adjusted by body weight, usually 50,000 to 300,000 units/kg/day in divided doses.
Newborns (neonates): Lower doses are used with careful medical supervision.
Administration Routes:
- Intravenous (IV): For severe or systemic infections requiring rapid action.
- Intramuscular (IM): For less critical infections or when IV access isn’t available.
The injection should only be given by trained healthcare professionals. Self-administration is not recommended.
Possible Side Effects of Crystalline Penicillin G
While Crystalline Penicillin G is generally safe and well-tolerated, it can cause side effects in some individuals.
Common Side Effects:
- Pain or redness at the injection site
- Nausea or vomiting
- Mild diarrhea
- Headache or dizziness
Serious Side Effects (seek medical attention immediately):
- Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness)
- Difficulty breathing or wheezing (signs of anaphylaxis)
- Seizures (rare, usually with high doses)
- Irregular heartbeat
- Severe diarrhea (possible sign of Clostridium difficile infection)
If you experience any severe or unusual symptoms, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Precautions and Warnings
- Inform your doctor if you are allergic to penicillin or cephalosporins.
- Use cautiously in patients with kidney disease, as dosage adjustments may be necessary.
- Always complete the full course, even if you start feeling better early.
- Do not mix with other medications in the same syringe unless directed by a healthcare provider.
- Store in a cool, dry place and use the reconstituted solution immediately or as directed.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. What is Crystalline Penicillin G used for?
It is used to treat serious bacterial infections such as meningitis, pneumonia, septicemia, syphilis, and endocarditis.
2. How is Crystalline Penicillin G given?
It is administered intravenously (IV) or intramuscularly (IM) by a healthcare professional in a clinical setting.
3. How long does treatment last?
Treatment duration depends on the infection type and severity.
4. What should I do if I miss a dose?
In hospital settings, missed doses are rare. If you miss a scheduled dose, inform your healthcare provider immediately so they can adjust the schedule.
5. Can Crystalline Penicillin G be used during pregnancy?
Yes, it is generally considered safe during pregnancy when prescribed by a doctor.
6. Is Crystalline Penicillin G effective for viral infections?
No. This antibiotic only works against bacterial infections, not viral infections such as colds or flu.
7. What are the signs of an allergic reaction?
Common signs include rash, itching, swelling (especially of the face or throat), and difficulty breathing. Seek emergency care if these occur.
Conclusion
Crystalline Penicillin G Injection (Ampoule) remains one of the most trusted and effective antibiotics for treating a wide range of severe bacterial infections. With its rapid action and proven safety record, it continues to play a crucial role in modern medicine.
However, like all antibiotics, it should be used under strict medical supervision to avoid misuse and antibiotic resistance. Always follow your doctor’s instructions for dosage and duration to ensure complete recovery and protect your health.
